is defined as using less energy to accomplish the same task or achieve the same result. Examples include using fluorescent lights for indoor lighting or adding thermal insulation to buildings to reduce energy used for heating and cooling. Effective energy use policies mainly rely on technological advancements rather than modifying individual behavior, which is also a key element in energy conservation policy. Estimates suggest that by implementing strategies that enhance energy efficiency in buildings, lighting, industry, and transportation, global energy consumption rates could be reduced by a third by 2050. This would help mitigate global warming by reducing pollution levels and heat emissions. There are two fundamental principles of sustainable energy policy: energy efficiency and reliance on renewable or sustainable energy sources.
